Base on the provided reference, computerized physician order entry or CPOE (sometimes referred to as Computerized Provider Order Entry) is a process of electronic entry of medical practitioner institutions for the treatment of patients under their care. It is communicated over a computer network that can be access by the medical staff, or the departments, laboratory, or responsible for fulfilling the order.

What is the advantage of computerized physician order entry for the medical staff and for the patients? The same reference says that, through CPOE, delays in order completion are lessen, errors related in handwriting or transcription are reduced, allows order entry at point-of-care or off-site, provides error-checking for duplicate or incorrect doses or tests, and it more easier to make inventory and posting charges.

The patients are safer using the CPOE than the past or traditional hand-written or verbal communication orders for their care. Base on another reference, studies shows that computerized physician order entry or CPOE has yielded evidence that suggests the medication error rate can be reduced by 80 percent. And because of this, the specialists in pharmacy informatics are working with the medical and nursing staffs at hospitals to improve the safety and effectiveness of medication using the CPOE systems.

In one reference, congenital dyserythropoietic anemia or CDA describes as a rare blood disorder, similar to the thalassemias. This is characterized by ineffective erythropoiesis resulting from a decrease in the number of red blood cells in the body and a less than normal quantity of hemoglobin in the blood. Because of this shortage, the blood is prevented to carry adequate supply of oxygen needed by the body’s tissues. The various symptoms of anemia are tiredness (fatigue), weakness, pale skin, and other similar complications.

What needed treatment to a patient who has congenital dyserythropoietic anemia? The same reference says that a blood transfusion is the common treatment, however this is vary depending on the type that is acquired and depending on the patient’s credence. In addition, they must accept chalation therapy to survive (deferoxamine, deferasirox or deferiprone) and to eliminate the excess iron that accumulates.

Another option to cure the disorder is through a bone marrow transplant and gene therapy. Through gene therapy it allows for the autologous transplantation of the patient’s own healthy stem cells.

Base on one reference, homicidal ideation is common medical term for thoughts which spans from unclear ideas of revenge to detailed and fully prepared plans without the act itself. This is not a disease itself, but it may result because of some illnesses such as psychosis and delirium. How do we understand these two illnesses? The same reference describes psychosis as related to schizophreniform disorder and schizophrenia. And delirium is often drug induced or secondary to general medical illness. These may arise in association with personality disorders or in a people who do not have any detectable illness.

When trying to identify a person’s risk for violence, such as psychiatric patients or patients presenting to hospital with mental heath complaints, homicidal ideation is noted to be an important risk factor. This shows the need for an assessment of suicide risk in such people with thoughts of violence towards others.

According to one reference says that the acute Autonomic Dysreflexia or AD is an effect of autonomic nervous system to over-stimulation. It characterized by severe paroxysmal hypertension connected with sore headaches, plentiful sweating, nasal stuffiness, flushing of the skin above the level of the lesion, bradycardia, apprehension and anxiety which sometimes accompanied by cognitive imapairment.

What are the most common causes of the damage? Base another reference, the hyperreflexia in patients with spinal cord injury are loss of bowel and bladder function, resulting in impaction in the case of the bowels and distention in case of the bladder. Other causes include medication side effects and various disease processes.

How to treat a person who has Autonomic Dysreflexia? It involves administration of anti-hypertensives along with immediate determination and removal of the triggering stimuli. To reduce blood pressures below dangerous levels and have partial symptoms relief, the patient must sit in up position and with dangling legs over the bedside. Do not use tight clothing and stockings. Using the anaesthetic lubricating jelly, stool impaction in the rectum will be cleared. Through the catheterization of the bladder or relief of a blocked of urinary catheter tube may resolve the problem.

Base on one reference, the International Morphological Terminology refers to morphological sciences as a biological sciences branch that is used by the colleges of medicine and dentistry, and other area of the health sciences where in scientist in different countries of the world in the field of research, teaching, and medical care can communicates and exchanges easily. This is the place where the form and structure are examined as well as the development and changes of the organism. It covers the gross anatomy and the microscopic of living beings. What is involves in this procedure? As the reference continues, it involves both development anatomy and the anatomy of the adult, and also the comparative anatomy between different species.

From the following information mentioned in the outset of the paragraph, we have had seen how the International Morphological Terminology works in the advancement of science and how important for the scientists around the globe and for medicine, dentist and other areas of health science progress.

What is the term “invasiveness”? According to one reference, this is a medical related to abnormal growth of the tissue. It consists of three main categories such as non-invasive procedures, minimally invasive procedures, and invasive procedures or is called open surgery. What is the representation of the three procedures? Another reference describes as follows:

The non-invasive procedure is a medical procedure used when there is no created break in the skin and no contact with the mucosa or skin break, or internal body cavity beyond a natural or artificial body orifice. There are three non-invasive techniques that are commonly used for diagnosis and therapy and this includes the diagnosis images, diagnosis signals, and therapy. Second is the minimally invasive procedure, is any procedure that is less invasive compared to open surgery that is used for the same purpose. It involves the use laparoscopic devices and remote-control exploitation of instruments with indirect observation of the surgical field through an endoscope or similar device and carries through the skin or body cavity, or anatomical opening. Lastly the open surgery or is called invasive procedure, is one which penetrates or breaks the skin or enters a body cavity. It involves large incisions in which the tissues are exposed to the air.

The term hemostasis (or haemostasis and the opposite is hemorrhage) is describe as a process of stopping the bleeding or to keep blood within a damaged blood vessel. In most cases, this process includes blood changing from liquid to solid state. In other reference says that the unbroken blood vessels are central to control blood’s tendency to congeal. And it adds, that the intact blood vessels has endothelial cells that helps to prevent blood clotting with a heparin-like molecule and thrombomodulin, and it prevent platelet aggregation with nitric oxide and prostacyclin.

There are three major steps that are involved in hemostasis process, these are, and vasoconstrictive, temporary blockage of a break by a platelet plug and blood cluttered or formation of a clot that seals the hole until tissues are repaired. To help us understand these three mechanisms, let’s consider another reference says in this regard. Here as follows:

In vasoconstrictive the paracrine was released by endothelium and temporarily decreases blood flow and pressure within the vessel. After that, temporary blockage will follow. This process is used to block the hole by a platelet plug, form as platelets stick to exposed collagen and become activated and release cytokines into injured area. And the third step is the coagulation cascade, a series of enzymatic reactions that will ends the formation of a fibrin protein fiber mesh that stabilizes the platelet plug.

Base on one reference, terminal cleaning is used in healthcare environment to control the spread of the infections. How do you we know that healthcare environment or rooms need to go through terminal cleaning? In the same references says that, when a patient is hospitalized and identified as having methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus or infections that can be spread to other patients, when the patient already discharge, one thing or best way they should do is to separate other patients in rooms that are subjected to terminal cleaning.

The process of terminal cleaning is frequently include removing all detachable objects in the room, cleaning lighting and air duct surfaces in the ceiling, and cleaning everything downward to the floor.

Terminal cleaning methods vary, but usually include removing all detachable objects in the room, cleaning lighting and air duct surfaces in the ceiling, and cleaning everything downward to the floor. Items removed from the room are disinfected or sanitized before being returned to the room.

I had read one reference and it says that, Microtherapy is a term given to several invasive and non-invasive medical techniques. This technique is used through tiny electrical currents to encourage healing and reduce pain. Why a person needs to undergo such treatment? If there is a disruption in the normal electrical activity and decreases the flow of energy in the body tissue due to damage or trauma, a person needs to get a mild electrical micro currents, that is similar to the body’s own electrical currents to produce the body’s own natural pain relieving chemicals called “endorphins”.

Yes, through Microtherapy, the pain relief, diminished swelling, and normalized the skin color. The relief is usually being felt within several hours following the first or second treatment. Some research had shown that, recovery and healing is in 1.5 to 2.5 times faster and have longer lasting results compared with conventional therapies. There are some mild sides effects following the first and second treatments and this are dizziness, nausea, or slight soreness but this will not last until all treatments were finished. So there is no reason to fear the treatment.